| Notes |
- CONFIRMATION READ
Ellen's death notice contains two important statements and which confirms the information provided by distant USA cousin (Jane Lessac) that
a) Ellen was married to Richard Read
b) Ellen was born in England
- ELLEN 'REED' (not 'Read') - 1870 US Census
The 1870 Census record for Richard , Ellen and family records/or has been interpreted as recording Richard and family as being 'REED' as opposed to 'READ'.
The Census record/interpretation of 'REED' is incorrect, as the family information for Richard Reed and family are the same as those recorded in various records and family oral history. In both the members of Richard's family are recorded as follows
- Richard (50 years)
- Ellen (40 years)
- Thomas (5 years)
- Elizabeth (4 years)
- John [great grandfather 'Dampy'] (2 years)
The 1900 Census has been recorded/interpreted accurately as all Read's are reflected as such and not REED. [3]
- RESIDENCE IN THE UNITED STATES
Oral family records from Jane Leclerc/Charles Abraham Read indicate that upon migration to the USA, the Read's (including both Margaret Fisk & Ellen Fisk) resided in 'Illinois', BUT with no specific town or location.
Lamard Township; Wayne County, Illinois
The 1870 US Census then records Richard, Ellen and family as residing in
- Lamard Township
- Wayne County
- Illinois
- USA
Wayne County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois . According to the 2010 census , it had a population of 16,760. [1] Its county seat is Fairfield . [2] It is located in the southern portion of Illinois known locally as " Little Egypt ".
History
Southern Illinois , also known as Little Egypt , is the southern third of Illinois , principally along and south of Interstate 64 . Although part of a Midwestern state, this region is aligned in culture more with that of the Upland South than the Midwest. [1] Part of downstate Illinois , it is bordered by the two most voluminous rivers in the United States : the Mississippi below its connecting Missouri River to the west and the Ohio River to the east and south with the Wabash as tributary.
The area has a population who live mostly in rural towns and cities separated by extensive farmland and the Shawnee National Forest . The thigher density areas of population are Metro East (pop. 700,000+), which is the partly industrialized Illinois portion of the St. Louis Metropolitan Area ,
The first European settlers were French colonists in the part of their North American empire called Illinois Country . Later settlers migrated from the Upland South of the United States, traveling by the Ohio River. The region was affiliated with the southern agricultural economy, based on enslaved African Americans as workers on major plantations, and rural culture. Some settlers owned slaves before the territory was organized and slavery was prohibited. Many areas developed an economy based on coal mining . Much of Southern Illinois is still culturally affiliated with the Mid-South : Western Kentucky , Southwestern Indiana , West Tennessee , and the Missouri Bootheel . The people speak with similar accents throughout this area. Southern Illinois, the earliest settled and once the wealthiest part of Illinois, is known for its rich history and the abundance of antebellum architecture remaining in its small towns and cities
[3]
- MISSING FAMILY MEMBER ? eX us 1870 Census
The 1870 US Census for the Reed (Read) family records a preciously unknown/indescipherable child (could it be 'William' and who was born in 1870, and passed away in Brixton, London, England in 1872 ?) .
This is the fourth and last child of one year old listed at the bottom of the Census return. Find- my-past' has identified the name as 'Horeb B'.
There is no record of any such child in the Jane Leclerc/Charles Abraham Read oral record; and which only refers to a 'William' and who died in England on the family's return in 1872 at the age of one year and eleven months old.
The probable likelihood is that the 'Horeb B' Census record is also that of the 'William' referred to the oral record (who according to the 1870 Census was one year old) and who may have had a nickname. [1, 3]
- RESIDENCE AT DATE OF 1841 ENGLAND CENSUS
The 1841 Census records Bazill, Mary Ann and children John, Margeret, Bazill, Henry, Ellen and George as residing at
- James Street
- Lambeth
- London
- Surrey
- England [4]
- RESIDENCE AT DATE OF 1851 ENGLAND CENSUS
The 1851 England Scotland & Wales Census records Ellen Fisk (aged 20) as being a 'General Servant' from Camberwell, Surrey, England ; and residing at the residence of Mr Benjamin Colls & family.
- 6 Union Row
- St Giles Camberwell
- Camberwell
- London
- Surrey
- England [5]
- THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR
The Read family appear to have been resident in the United States through the duration of the American Civil War. There is no indication or knowledge that either Richard or Ellen were involved in the war.
The American Civil War (1861–1865) was a civil war in the United States of America . It was fought when 11 Southern states left the United States and formed the Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy). The US government and the states that remained loyal to it were called the Union .
The Southern United States (also known as the Southern States or The South among Americans) is a term for the Southeastern part of the United States . All Confederate states were in the South, but not all Southern states joined the Confederacy; those that did not join were called border states . The States farthest to the south are called the " Deep South ". Even though Arizona , New Mexico and southern California are geographically southern parts of United States, they are usually classified as the Southwestern United States and not the South (the climate , culture and ethnic makeup of the Southwest are also different from the South).
Most of the South is a land of long, hot summers. Winters are mostly short and cool. There is much rainfall. This combination gives the South a long growing season. Important crops include cotton, tobacco, peanuts, and peaches.
The cuisine of the Southern United States is distinct from other regions.
As defined by the United States Census Bureau , the states that make up "The South" are:
• Alabama
• Arkansas
• Delaware
• Florida
• Georgia
• Kentucky
• Louisiana
• Maryland
• Mississippi
• North Carolina
• Oklahoma
• South Carolina
• Tennessee
• Texas
• Virginia
• Washington, D.C. (although not a state)
• West Virginia
The border state Missouri is also sometimes considered Southern, although the Census classifies it as a Midwestern state.
The main cause of the war was slavery , which was allowed in the South, including all 11 Confederate States. Slavery was illegal in most of the North. The Confederate States tried to leave the Union after Abraham Lincoln , who disliked slavery, was elected US president.
The Union believed that it was illegal for the states to break away. There were five states that allowed slavery which stayed in the Union.
The war began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter , a fort in South Carolina that was held by Union soldiers. [2] The war lasted four years and caused much damage in the South. Most battles were in northern states until 1862 and in southern states after 1862.
After four years of fighting, the Union won the war, and soon, slavery was made illegal everywhere in the United States of America.
- ALIVE AND PRESENT DURING TWO SIGNIFICANT INTERNAL MILITARY CONFLICTS AND THE FIRST WORLD WAR
Ellen Read/Fisk resided in different countries throughout the duration of those countries civil and internal conflicts, and was alive through most of the period of the first world war.
American Civil War
Ellen and husband Richard appear to have resided in Illinois, United States thoughout the duration of the American Civil War (1861-1865) between the Southern (Confederate) states of the US and the Northern (Union) states of teh US.
Second Boer War
Ellen appear to have resided in Durban, Natal, South Africa thoughout the duration of the Boer War (1899-1902) between Commonwealth military forces and Boer forces .
First World War
Ellen appears also to have resided in Durban, Natal, South Africa though most of the duration of the First World War (1914-1918) between Commonwealth, French and US military forces and German, Turkish and other forces . The Commonwealth forces included contingents of South African military forces and which were involved in a number of significant and bloody skirmishes and battles (including the Battle of Delville Wood)
- MARRIAGE RICHARD READ & ELLEN FISK
No records have been identified to date/prove the marriage between Richard & Ellen (although there is a record of Richard's marriage to Ellen's deceased older sister Mary Ann Maragret Fisk in 1841) .
Given Margaret died in the USA in 1857, and daughter Margaret was born in Illinois, USA circa 1863, it appears likely that
- Richard & Ellen were married between 1859 and 1861.
- Ellen migrated with Richard sometime after 1860 and before 1863.
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AIGS/FHC Member's - Family Trees
1830 - 1917 (87 years)
[1, 3]