| Notes |
- PLACE OF BIRTH
Previously some family trees indicated Francis & Jane/Jean were born in Merthyr Tydfil Wales; HOWEVER UK multiple Census records now relfect both as having been born in Scotland. [5]
- WORK ASSISTANTS RESIDING IN FAMILY RESIDENCE
The UK Census records of 1861 record that at the date of the Census, there were two non-family 'assistant drapers' who also resided in the family residence
- Donald Cameron, a 20 year old male having been born in Scotland
- Andrew Giling, a 20 year old male also having been born in Scotland [2]
- VALUE OF ESTATE AT DEATH & PROBATE
England & Wales Govt probate records Francis's 'probate provided' estate value on 29 March 1883 as being 1,869 lbs; 18 shillings & 5 d.
Subsequent handwritten amendments reflect the estate value had increased to
-1889 lbs 2,919
- 1894 lbs 4,553
- TWINS - FRANCIS & MARY ?
The Carlyle Family tree has two children born to John Carlyle & Mary Barton in 1798, that is 'Francis' and 'Mary'.
It is possible that one child was born early 1798 and the other later 1798, but it is also possible that they were twins. Note that it is very likely that Mary did not survive as a subsequent daughter (born 1799) was also given the name 'Mary'. [1]
- RELOCATION TO MERTHYR TYDFILL, GLAMORGAN, WALES FROM DUMFRIES SCOTLAND
• There appears to be no record available of when and why Francis and Jane/Jean relocated to Merthyr Tydfil, Wales.
• It appears highly likely that the relocation was between 1826 (when Francis and Jane/Jean were married and had their first child/daughter Mary, whose baptism in 1826 is recorded in official records 'Scotland Births & Baptisms - 1564 to 1950') and 1829 (whose birth and baptism in 1829 is recorded in official records 'Wales, Glamorgan Parish Registers 1558 to 1900' AND 'Wales, Births & Baptisms - 1541 to 1907') .
- FRANCIS CARLYLE BIOGRAPHY
From the Ecclefechan Carlyle Society website
Born in the Parish of Hoddam in 1798, Francis Carlyle was the son of John Carlyle of Bonshawside (who was born in 1769, and died 1833). Francis’s mother was Mary Barton, who was also born in the Parish of Hoddam 1760 and died at Bonshawside in 1847. Francis was the grandson of Thomas Carlyle (of Sorriesyke) and Isabella Dixon. Soon after his marriage to Jane Seaton in New Abbey, Francis and Jane migrated to Wales, where Francis became a tea dealer. Francis’s eldest son Thomas, tragically died in a drowning accident in Glamorgan. His second son Francis John became a solicitor.
Francis himself lived to good old age and in the latter years of his life was looked after by his daughter Agnes. Francis died in 1882 and below is a portion of his obituary.
“One of the oldest and most respected of the inhabitants of Merthyr died this week in the person of Mr. Francis Carlyle, second cousin of Thomas Carlyle the philosopher of Chelsea. Mr. Carlyle came to Merthyr from Ecclefechan in the prime of his life, made a comfortable income by his industry and was one of the earliest and principal committee men associated with the Merthyr Library.” There are few better-read men, or more philosophically minded. He rarely referred to his gifted relative but was a warm student of his, and but for his retiring habits would have been a conspicuous ornament to society. He was in his 84th year at the time of his death and is well represented by leading families in Merthyr and Swansea.”
Isabella Carlyle, sister of the above Francis, and niece of Adam, was born at Sinclairburn and christened in the Parish of Hoddam on the 20th April1800. She was the wife of John Irving (1780-1845) and died in 1855. Some of Isabella and John’s descendants emigrated to Australia in the 1850s.
- COUSIN OF THOMAS CARLYLE
The Ecclefuckan Carlyle Society website records Francis Carlyle as being a 'second cousin of Thomas Carlyle.
One of the oldest and most respected of the inhabitants of Merthyr died this week in the person of Mr. Francis Carlyle, second cousin of Thomas Carlyle the philosopher of Chelsea.
Thomas Carlyle - wikipedia
Thomas Carlyle (4 December 1795 – 5 February 1881) was a Scottish essayist, historian, and philosopher. A leading writer of the Victorian era , he exerted a profound influence on 19th-century art, literature, and philosophy.
Born in Ecclefechan , Dumfriesshire , Carlyle attended the University of Edinburgh where he excelled in mathematics, inventing the Carlyle circle . After finishing the arts course, he prepared to become a minister in the Burgher Church while working as a schoolmaster. He quit these and several other endeavours before settling on literature, writing for the Edinburgh Encyclopædia and working as a translator. He found initial success as a disseminator of German literature , then little-known to English readers, through his translations, his Life of Friedrich Schiller (1825), and his review essays for various journals. His first major work was a novel entitled Sartor Resartus (1833–34). After relocating to London, he became famous with his French Revolution (1837), which prompted the collection and reissue of his essays as Miscellanies . Each of his subsequent works, from On Heroes (1841) to History of Frederick the Great (1858–65) and beyond, were highly regarded throughout Europe and North America. He founded the London Library , contributed significantly to the creation of the National Portrait Galleries in London and Scotland , [1] was elected Lord Rector of Edinburgh University in 1865, and received the Pour le Mérite in 1874, among other honours.
Carlyle's corpus spans the genres of "criticism, biography, history, politics, poetry, and religion." [2] His innovative writing style , known as Carlylese, greatly influenced Victorian literature and anticipated techniques of postmodern literature . [3] While not adhering to any formal religion, he asserted the importance of belief and developed his own philosophy of religion . He preached " Natural Supernaturalism ", [4] the idea that all things are "Clothes" which at once reveal and conceal the divine, that "a mystic bond of brotherhood makes all men one", [5] and that duty, work and silence are essential. He postulated the Great Man theory , a philosophy of history which contends that history is shaped by exceptional individuals. He viewed history as a "Prophetic Manuscript" that progresses on a cyclical basis, analogous to the phoenix and the seasons. Raising the " Condition-of-England Question " [6] to address the impact of the Industrial Revolution , his social and political philosophy is characterised by medievalism , advocating a " Chivalry of Labour" [7] led by " Captains of Industry ". [8] He attacked utilitarianism as mere atheism and egoism , [9] criticised the political economy of laissez-faire as the " Dismal Science ", [10] and rebuked "big black Democracy ", [11] while championing " Hero archy (Government of Heroes)".
Carlyle occupied a central position in Victorian culture, being considered not only, in the words of Ralph Waldo Emerson , the "undoubted head of English letters ", [12] [13] but a secular prophet. Posthumously, his reputation suffered as publications by his friend and disciple James Anthony Froude provoked controversy about Carlyle's personal life, particularly his marriage to Jane Welsh Carlyle . His reputation further declined in the 20th century, as the onsets of World War I and World War II brought forth accusations that he was a progenitor of both Prussianism and fascism . Since the 1950s, extensive scholarship in the field of Carlyle Studies has improved his standing, and he is now recognised as "one of the enduring monuments of our literature who, quite simply, cannot be spared
- ANCESTRAL LINK TO 'ROBERT THE BRUCE' ?
Some sources indicate that the Carlyle's have an ancestral link to 'Robert the Bruce', although this appears somewhat tenous.
The link is though Robert the Bruce's sister apparently :
Per Wikipedia (March 2023) , a relative of the Carlyle's , Nicholas Carlisle apparently, traced his ancestry back to Margaret Bruce, sister of Robert the Bruce . [17]
1) Robert the Bruce
Robert I (11 July 1274 – 7 June 1329), popularly known as Robert the Bruce ( Scottish Gaelic : Raibeart an Bruis ), was King of Scots from 1306 to his death in 1329. [1]
One of the most renowned warriors of his generation, Robert eventually led Scotland during the First War of Scottish Independence against England . He fought successfully during his reign to regain Scotland's place as an independent kingdom and is now revered in Scotland as a national hero .
Robert was a fourth great-grandson of King David I , and his grandfather, Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale , was one of the claimants to the Scottish throne during the " Great Cause ". [1]
As Earl of Carrick , Robert the Bruce supported his family's claim to the Scottish throne and took part in William Wallace 's revolt against Edward I of England . Appointed in 1298 as a Guardian of Scotland alongside his chief rival for the throne, John Comyn of Badenoch , and William Lamberton , Bishop of St Andrews , Robert resigned in 1300 because of his quarrels with Comyn and the apparently imminent restoration of John Balliol to the Scottish throne. After submitting to Edward I in 1302 and returning to "the king's peace", Robert inherited his family's claim to the Scottish throne upon his father's death.
Bruce's involvement in John Comyn's murder in February 1306 led to his excommunication by Pope Clement V (although he received absolution from Robert Wishart , Bishop of Glasgow ). Bruce moved quickly to seize the throne, and was crowned king of Scots on 25 March 1306. Edward I's forces defeated Robert in the Battle of Methven , forcing him to flee into hiding, before re-emerging in 1307 to defeat an English army at Loudoun Hill and wage a highly successful guerrilla war against the English.
Robert I defeated his other opponents, destroying their strongholds and devastating their lands, and in 1309 held his first parliament . A series of military victories between 1310 and 1314 won him control of much of Scotland, and at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, Robert defeated a much larger English army under Edward II of England , confirming the re-establishment of an independent Scottish kingdom. The battle marked a significant turning point, with Robert's armies now free to launch devastating raids throughout northern England , while he also expanded the war against England by sending armies to invade Ireland , and appealed to the Irish to rise against Edward II's rule.
Despite Bannockburn and the capture of the final English stronghold at Berwick in 1318, Edward II refused to renounce his claim to the overlordship of Scotland. In 1320, the Scottish nobility submitted the Declaration of Arbroath to Pope John XXII , declaring Robert as their rightful monarch and asserting Scotland's status as an independent kingdom.
In 1324, the Pope recognised Robert I as king of an independent Scotland, and in 1326, the Franco-Scottish alliance was renewed in the Treaty of Corbeil . In 1327, the English deposed Edward II in favour of his son, Edward III , and peace was concluded between Scotland and England with the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton in 1328, by which Edward III renounced all claims to sovereignty over Scotland.
Robert I died in June 1329 and was succeeded by his son, David II . Robert's body is buried in Dunfermline Abbey , while his heart was interred in Melrose Abbey , and his internal organs embalmed and placed in St Serf's Church, Dumbarton .
Birth
The remains of Turnberry Castle , Robert the Bruce's likely birthplace Although Robert the Bruce's date of birth is known, his place of birth is less certain, although it is most likely to have been Turnberry Castle in Ayrshire , the head of his mother's earldom, despite claims that he may have been born in Lochmaben in Dumfriesshire, or Writtle in Essex. Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale , the first of the Bruce (de Brus) line, had settled in Scotland during the reign of King David I , 1124 and was granted the Lordship of Annandale in 1124. The future king was one of ten children, and the eldest son, of Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale , and Marjorie, Countess of Carrick . From his mother, he inherited the Earldom of Carrick , and through his father, the Lordship of Annandale and a royal lineage as a fourth great-grandson of David I that would give him a claim to the Scottish throne. In addition to the lordship of Annandale, the Bruces also held lands in Aberdeenshire and Dundee , and substantial estates in England (in Cumberland , County Durham , Essex , Middlesex , Northumberland and Yorkshire ) and in County Antrim in Ireland.
Childhood
Very little is known of his youth. He was probably brought up in a mixture of the Anglo-Norman culture of northern England and south-eastern Scotland, and the Gaelic culture of southwest Scotland and most of Scotland north of the River Forth . Annandale was thoroughly feudalised , and the form of Northern Middle English that would later develop into the Scots language was spoken throughout the region. Carrick was historically an integral part of Galloway , and though the earls of Carrick had achieved some feudalisation, the society of Carrick at the end of the thirteenth century remained emphatically Celtic and Gaelic speaking.
Ancestry
Descended from the Scoto-Norman and Gaelic nobilities , through his father he was a fourth-great-grandson of David I , as well as claiming Richard (Strongbow) de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, King of Leinster and Governor of Ireland , as well as William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke , and Henry I of England amongst his paternal ancestors. Robert's grandfather Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale , was one of the claimants to the Scottish throne during the ' Great Cause '.
2) Nicholas Carlisle
Sir Nicholas Carlisle , KH , FRS , MRIA , (1771 in York , England – 27 August 1847 in Margate , England) was an English antiquary and librarian. In 1806, he became a candidate for the office of Secretary to the Society of Antiquaries , which he obtained the following year. In 1812, he became an Assistant Librarian of the Royal Library ; he went on to accompany that collection to the British Museum , which he attended two days each week. He wrote several topographical dictionaries of England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland. He also wrote an historical account of Charitable Commissioners, and of Foreign Orders of Knighthood.
Carlisle traced his descent from John Carlisle (d. 1670), of Witton-le-Wear . He was the son of Thomas Carlisle. His father married, first, Elizabeth Hutchinson; they had at least one child, a son, the surgeon, Anthony Carlisle . Thomas married secondly Susanna Skottowe, who was Nicholas' mother. Nicholas was born in York, where he was baptized in the St Mary Bishophill Junior, York on 8 February 1771. He received his education from the Rev. James Lawson at West Witton . Carlisle entered the naval service of the East India Company , attaining the post of purser . He also went into private business and made a large sum of money.
- MERTHYR TIDFILL , WALES
Extract from Wikpedia (March 2023)
The Industrial Revolution
Influence and growth of iron industry Early 19th-century industry in Merthyr Tydfil Merthyr was close to reserves of iron ore, coal, limestone, timber and water, making it an ideal site for ironworks. Small-scale iron working and coal mining had been carried out at some places in South Wales since the Tudor period, but in the wake of the Industrial Revolution the demand for iron led to the rapid expansion of Merthyr's iron operations. By the peak of the revolution, the districts of Merthyr housed four of the greatest ironworks in the world: Dowlais Ironworks , Plymouth Ironworks , Cyfarthfa Ironworks and Penydarren The companies were mainly owned by two dynasties, the Guest and Crawshay families.
Starting in the late 1740s, land within the Merthyr district was gradually being leased for the smelting of iron to meet the growing demand, with the expansion of smaller furnaces dotted around South Wales. [12] By 1759, with the management of John Guest, the Dowlais Ironworks was founded. This would later become the Dowlais Iron Company and also the first major works in the area. Following the success at Dowlais, Guest took a lease from the Earl of Plymouth which he used to build the Plymouth Ironworks. [12] However, this was less of a success until the arrival in 1763 of a "Cumberland ironmaster, Anthony Bacon , who leased an area of eight miles by five for £100 a year on which he started the Cyfarthfa Ironworks and also bought the Plymouth Works". [12] After the death of Anthony Bacon in 1786, the ownership of the works passed to Bacon's sons, and was divided between Richard Hill, their manager and Richard Crawshay . Hill now owned the Plymouth Iron Works and Crawshay the works at Cyfarthfa. The fourth ironworks was Penydarren , built by Francis Homfray and his son Samuel Homfray in 1784.
It was the need to export goods from Cyfarthfa that led to the construction of the Glamorganshire Canal running from their works right down the valley to Cardiff Bay, stimulating other businesses along the way. Cefn Coed Viaduct was built to carry the Brecon and Merthyr Railway
During the first few decades of the 19th century, the ironworks at Cyfarthfa (and neighbouring Dowlais) continued to expand, and at their height were the most productive ironworks in the world: 50,000 tons of rails left just one ironworks in 1844, for the railways across Russia to Siberia. With the growing industry in Merthyr, several railway companies established routes linking the works with ports and other parts of Britain. They included the Brecon and Merthyr Railway, Vale of Neath Railway , Taff Vale Railway and Great Western Railway . They often shared routes to allow access to coal mines and ironworks through rugged country, which presented great engineering challenges. According to David Williams, in 1804, the world's first railway steam locomotive, "The Iron Horse", developed by the Cornish engineer Richard Trevithick , pulled 10 tons of iron with passengers on the new Merthyr Tramroad from Penydarren to Quakers Yard . He also claims that this was the "first 'railway' and the work of George Stephenson was merely an improvement upon it". A replica of this locomotive is in the National Waterfront Museum in Swansea. The tramway passed through what is arguably the oldest railway tunnel in the world, part of which can be seen alongside Pentrebach Road at the lower end of the town.
The demand for iron was also fuelled by the Royal Navy, which needed cannon for its ships, and later by the railways. In 1802, Admiral Lord Nelson visited Merthyr to witness cannon being made.
Famously, upon visiting Merthyr in 1850, Thomas Carlyle wrote that the town was filled with such "unguided, hard-worked, fierce, and miserable-looking sons of Adam I never saw before. Ah me! It is like a vision of Hell, and will never leave me, that of these poor creatures broiling, all in sweat and dirt, amid their furnaces, pits, and rolling mills."
The decline of coal and iron
The population of Merthyr reached 51,949 in 1861, but then went into decline for several years. As the 19th century progressed, Merthyr's inland location became increasingly disadvantageous for iron production. Penydarren closed in 1859 and Plymouth in 1880; thereafter some ironworkers migrated to the United States or even Ukraine , where Merthyr engineer John Hughes established an ironworks in 1869, creating the new city of Donetsk in the process.
In the 1870s the advent of coal mining to the south of the town gave renewed impetus to the local economy and population growth. New mining communities developed at Merthyr Vale , Treharris and Bedlinog , and the population of Merthyr rose to a peak of 80,990 in 1911
- DUMFRIES & GALLOWAY
Dumfries and Galloway is one of 32 unitary council areas of Scotland and is located in the western Southern Uplands . It covers the historic counties of Dumfriesshire , Kirkcudbrightshire , and Wigtownshire , the latter two of which are collectively known as Galloway . The administrative centre and largest settlement is the town of Dumfries . The second largest town is Stranraer , on the North Channel coast, some 57 miles (92 km) to the west of Dumfries.
Dumfries and Galloway are located in the South West of Scotland and share a border with Cumbria in England. This part of lowland Scotland is very scenic, with a rugged coastline, and inland there are acres of green, open pastures and forest. The area is also steeped in history stretching back over 800 years. This region is known as the place where Robert the Bruce murdered the Red Comyn in 1306 and also as the place where Robert Burns stayed until he died.
Dumfriesshire is in the south of Scotland, bounded on the north by the counties of Lanark, Peebles, and Selkirk, on the east by Roxburghshire and part of the English county of Cumberland, on the south by the Solway Firth, and on the west by the county of Ayr and the stewartry of Kirkcudbright . It is about fifty miles in length and thirty miles in breadth, compiising 1016 square miles or 650,240 acres. The county includes forty-two parishes, the royal burghs of Dumfries (the county town), Annan, Lochmaben, and Sanquhar, and six towns which are all burghs of barony .
The county has had a colorful history After the departure of the Romans it was occupied by the Northumbrian Saxons and subsequently by numerous emigrants from Ireland who had settled first on the peninsula of Cantyre. During the reign of David I, many of the Norman barons obtained possessions here. Previous to the reign of James VI, the county was often the scene of predatory incursions of the English.
An area of SW Scotland now forming part of Dumfries and Galloway , Galloway until 1974 comprised the former counties of Wigtownshire and Kirkcudbrightshire stretching northwards from the Solway Firth into the Galloway Hills and including the 'hammerhead' shaped Rhins of Galloway . Its much forested uplands are a source of hydro-electric power and its lowlands are noted for farming, in particular dairy produce and cattle. Its principal towns are Castle Douglas , Wigtown and Kirkcudbright , known respectively as the ' Food Town ', ' Book Town ' and ' Artists' Town ', together with Stranraer , Newton Stewart , New Galloway and Gatehouse of Fleet .
Galloway formed an ancient kingdom with influences from Northumbrians, Gaelic-speaking Scots-Irish and Norse, with the Lordship of Galloway recorded from the 11th century. The Earldom of Galloway was created in 1623 for Alexander Stewart.
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AIGS/FHC Member's - Family Trees
1798 - 1882 (84 years)
[1, 2] 